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H. PIEPER, Fils. ELEGTRIG ARG LAM]?- Patented June 25, 1889.

N. PYERS, Plmko-Lilhcgmpher. wamn mm D. (I

.UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

HENRI PIEPER, FILS, OF LIEGE, BELGIUM.

ELECTRIC-ARC LAM P.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 405,906, dated June 25, 1889. Application filed February 4, 1889. Serial No. 298,627. (No modeLl Patented in Belgium February 5, 1888, No. 80,503.

To all whom it may concern).-

Be it known that I, HENRI PIEPER, Fils, a subject of V the King of Belgiunuresiding at Liege, Kingdom of Belgium, have invented new and useful Improvements in Electric- Arc Lamps, (for which I have obtained Letters Patent in Belgium, No. 80,503, dated February 5, 1888,) whereof the following is a specification.

The object of my invention is to produce the regulation of the length of the arc in electric-arc lamps by means of the difference of speed of two motors, obtained through the variations of the current. For this purpose the two motors are so connected to the carbons that the one is adapted to increase, the other to decrease, the distance between the latter, and one of them or both are arranged to be in their operation dependent 011 the electric current.

Figures 1 and 2 of the annexed drawings are diagrams showing the principle on which the mechanism of the lamp is based. Fig. 3 is a sectional front elevation of a lamp carried out according to my invention. Fig. 4 is a side View of the upper portion of the lamp, and Fig. 5 a top View of the same.

In Fig. 1 a and b are two pulleys or sprocket-wheels, forming each a part of one of the aforesaid motors and rotating both in the same-direction, as shown by the arrows 1 and 2. g is the upper carbon attached to a pulley c, and g the lower carbon carried by a bar to the ends whereof are pivoted the pulleys d and f. Around the said pulleys a. l), 0, (Z, and f is passed a chain or cord e, Now, if the said pulleys a l) are rotated at equal peripherical speed, they will cause the chain or cord 6 to travel around the pulleys c d f without altering the position of the earbons. This is the state of the mechanism when the are is of normal length. If the pulley b is moved faster than the pulley a, it will take up and pay out a greater length of chain or cord than the latter, in consequence whereof the carbon 9 is lowered and the carbon g raised, so that the arc becomes shorter. On the other hand, if pulley a is moved faster than I), the arc will become longer.

Fig. 2 shows a modification of the arrange ment, which consists in supporting the carbon g by a single pulley d, and in placing the pulleys a Z) c (1 one above the other, the chain or cord being passed around the same, as shown by the figure.

In the lamp shown by Figs. 3, 4, and 5, the aforesaid motors are controlled in their operation by an. armature acted upon by two electro-magnets, which are connected, respectively, to the main circuit and to a shunt-circuit branched off therefrom. The motors consist in the two wheel-works C and O. The work C is driven through the medium of the chain c by the holder P of the upper carbon the said holder being made sufficiently heavy, and the work 0 by means of a spring R. H. is an electro-magnet having a coil. of thick wire connected to the main circuit of the lamp, and II an electro-magnet with a coil of thin wire placed in the shunt-circuit. Above the cores of the two electro-inagnets is arranged an armature E, carried by two springs S and S, which allow the armature to move a small distance to the right or the left, according as it is attracted more by the one or by the other electro-magnet. To the said armature are attached two catchesN and N, adapted to engage with the respective fly-pinions F and F -of the two wheel-works O and C, and so adjusted-that when there is no current passing through the lamp the catch N is free from the fly-pinion F, while the catch N is in engagement with the fly-pinion F. Under these conditions the wheel-work C, being prevented from rotating, is at rest, whereas, if there is any space between the carbons, the holder P, while actuating the wheel-work O, descends, together with the upper carbon, and raises the holder Q, carrying the lower carbon, until both carbons touch each other. Thus, when the lamp is out of operation, there is always contact between the carbons, and the circuit is closed at this point. If the lamp, being in this state, is switched into connection with the conductin g-wire, the current will pass entirely through the coil of the electro-magnet H. The armature E will consequently be drawn toward the said electro-magnet that is, relatively to Fig. 4to the right, so that the catch N engages with the fly-pinion F, while the catch N is withdrawn from the fiy-pinion F. This causes the wheel-work C to be locked, while the wheel-wor c 0, set free to operate, is put in motion by the spring B, so that it separates the carbons from each other, and thus brings about the formation of the are. \Vhen the are has attained its normal length, the intensity of the current diminishes in the electro magnet H and augments in the electromagnet H, in consequence whereof the armature E is drawn to the left until it has assumed a mean position, in which the catches N and N lock both wheel-works. As soon as the arc exceeds its normal length the clectromagnet ll, receiving a larger portion of the current, draws the armature farther toward it, and thereby causes the catch N to release the wheel-work 0, while the catch N remains in engagement with the work O. The holder P then. operates to reduce the distance of the carbons from each other until the arc has been restored to its normal length. At this moment both wheel-works are stopped again.

\Vhenever the carbons are removed, the wheel-work C has to be wound up.

I claim as my invention In an electric lamp,the combination of the carbon-hohlers l and Q, pulleys pivoted to the said holders, the motor (,havhigthe pulley a and fly-pinion F, the motor (3, having the pulley Z) and fly-pinion 13", spring R, chain c, a shunt-circuit branchedoif from the main circuit, the electro-magnets ll and III, the armature E, having the catches N and N, and springs S i", carrying the armature, substantially as set forth.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

HENRI PIEPER, FILS. lVitnesses:

WM. S. PRESTON, J. Gnoss. 

